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Hyperglycemia comes from the Greek hyper (high) and glykys (sweet). As the name suggests, this condition is characterized by high blood sugar. It is the result of little insulin or when the body cannot produce this hormone to a proper extent. Insulin enables cells to absorb and use glucose, a simple sugar, and ensures that it is stored in the liver as glycogen, the stored form of glucose. Insulin deficiency ultimately increases the chances that glucose will build up in the blood and not be taken up by cells leading to hyperglycemia, hence the term “high blood sugar.” Symptoms of this particular condition include high blood sugar, as mentioned earlier, thirst, and increased urination. High levels of glucose in the urine also help detect it.
On the contrary, hypoglycemia derives from the Greek hypo (under) and glykys (sweet). It is characterized by low blood sugar. Taking insulin or certain pills to lower blood sugar is often associated with hypoglycemia. Medications or other factors can also cause it. For example, most activities cause blood sugar to drop. A person who exercises regularly may need to reduce their insulin intake and consume more carbohydrates before exercising to maintain reasonable blood sugar control. Symptoms of low blood sugar can include hunger, increased pulse, pale face, drowsiness, etc. All the symptoms mentioned vary from person to person and depend on the blood sugar level.
But with all of this, keep in mind that minor variations in blood sugar are perfectly normal and healthy. Between 60 and 140 milligrams of sugar per deciliter of blood (mg/dL) is acceptable. However, it becomes a problem when they fail to meet or exceed this. In summary, this highlights the importance of aiming to maintain a healthy lifestyle. This includes, but is not limited to, eating habits. Eating enough and moderately for the body to function as healthily as possible is necessary.